Intellectual Of Electrical Engineering The Negritude

Intellectual to electrical engineering The Negritude By the end of the 19th century, most of Africans were living under some form of European colonial domination. The history of Africa and its Diaspora was dismissed as insignificant at best, inexistent at worse. Black cultures were ridiculed, stereotyped, and scorned. So the concept of Negritude emerged as the expression of a revolt against the historical situation of French colonialism and racism. Negritude was both a literary and ideological movement led by French-speaking black writers and intellectuals. The movement is marked by its rejection of European colonization and its role in the African diaspora, pride in â€Å"blackness† and traditional African values and culture. The negritude movement was inspired by the Harlem renaissance writers and thinkers but still different to the Black panters mouvment in many point such as the use of violence. The negritude founders’ Aimà © Cà ©saire from Martinique, Là ©opold Sà ©dar Senghor from Senegal and Là ©on-Gontran Damas from French Guiana ( met in Paris in 1931) have to define themselves against a world which leaves no room for who and what they are because they are black folks in a world where universal seems to naturally mean white. Thus, the Negritude or the self-affirmation of black peoples was an answer to the question: what are we in this white world? Indeed, all of the three founders was colonial subject because they all came from French colonies, and being colonial subjects meant

Philosophical Quotes on Violence

What is violence? And, accordingly, how should non-violence be understood? While I have written a number of articles on these and related topics, it is useful to look at how philosophers have synthesized their views on violence. Here is a selection of quotes, sorted out into topics. Voices on Violence Frantz Fanon: Violence is man re-creating himself.George Orwell: We sleep safe in our beds because rough men stand ready in the night to visit violence on those who would do us harm.Thomas Hobbes: In the first place, I put for a general inclination of all mankind a perpetual and restless desire of power after power, that ceaseth only in death. And the cause of this is not always that a man hopes for a more intensive delight than he has already attained to, or that he cannot be content with a moderate power, but because he cannot assure the power and means to live well, which he hath present, without the acquisition of more.Niccolà ² Machiavelli: Upon this, one has to remark that men ought either to be well treated or crushed, because they can avenge themselves of lighter injuries, of more serious ones they cannot; therefore the injury that is to be done to a man ought to be of such a kind that one does not stand in fear of revenge.Niccolà ² Machiavelli: I say that every prince must desire to be considered merciful and not cruel. He must, however, take care not to misuse this mercifulness. [†¦] A prince, therefore, must not mind incurring the charge of cruelty for the purpose of keeping his subjects united and confident; for, with a very few examples, he will be more merciful than those who, from excess of tenderness, allow disorders to arise, from whence spring murders and rapine; for these as a rule injure the whole community, while the executions carried out by the prince injure only one individual [†¦] From this arises the question whether it is better to be loved more than feared, or feared more than loved. The reply is, that one ought to be both feared and loved, but as it is difficult for the two to go together, it is much safer to be feared than loved, if one of the two has to be wanting. Against Violence Martin Luther Kind Jr.: The ultimate weakness of violence is that it is a descending spiral, begetting the very thing it seeks to destroy. Instead of diminishing evil, it multiplies it. Through violence you may murder the liar, but you cannot murder the lie, nor establish the truth. Through violence you may murder the hater, but you do not murder hate. In fact, violence merely increases hate. So it goes. Returning violence for violence multiplies violence, adding deeper darkness to a night already devoid of stars. Darkness cannot drive out darkness: only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate: only love can do that.Albert Einstein: Heroism by order, senseless violence, and all the pestilent nonsense that goes by the name of patriotism—how I hate them! War seems to me a mean, contemptible thing: I would rather be hacked in pieces than take part in such an abominable business.Fenner Brockway: I had long put on one side the purist pacifist view that one should have nothing to do with a social revolution if any violence were involved... Nevertheless, the conviction remained in my mind that any revolution would fail to establish freedom and fraternity in proportion to its use of violence, that the use of violence inevitably brought in its train domination, repression, cruelty.Isaac Asimov: Violence is the last refuge of the incompetent.

Can Money Buy Happiness - 948 Words

Happiness can stem from many different emotions, accomplishments and you’re overall well-being, but what has been debated for years is can money buy you happiness? It can buy you material items and even a way to see the world if desired however, true happiness cannot be bought by the dollar as this version of â€Å"happiness† is temporary. In today’s society there is no level of satisfaction as we are constantly innovating and getting newer and better in short periods of time. In the article â€Å"Can Money Buy Happiness?† Levy talks about how he views the concept in two different ways in battling personal vs the national. Levy says â€Å"If survey data are to be trusted, there’s a surprisingly weak relationship between money and happiness. As national incomes rise, happiness does not increase.† What he means by this is that studies show that our happiness has been stabilized for 50 years but in those years our standard of living and income has doubled. Levy does look at the other side and agrees that those in poorer countries would benefit immensely from more wealth and acknowledges that poorer countries are not able to experience some of the same benefits that the average American does. On the other side of the argument Levy talks about how personally income plays a role in a person’s overall happiness. He says â€Å"But once people reach a certain threshold (once they don’t have to worry about a roof over their heads or having enough to eat), extra money makes very little difference† whatShow MoreRelatedCan Money Buy Happiness?1324 Words   |  6 PagesCan money buy happiness? It’s a philosophical question that has been discussed for centuries and there is no simple answer. For example, Graham Hill in â€Å"Living with Less. A Lot Less† gives his input on this highly debated topic through a multitude of short anecdotes. She asked herself not if â€Å"Money can buy happiness,† but if money could â€Å"help buy happiness† (Rubin 293). She also brings up the idea of modest splurging and spending out as methods of using money to help one buy happiness. Rubin describesRead MoreCan Money Buy Happiness?1637 Words   |  7 Pages Does Happiness Come With A Price? Malcom Williams Can Money Buy Happiness? Abstract In this paper, I argue and show various sources addressing the correlations between money and happiness through subjects such as pro-social spending, materialism, the pursuit of spending on others, and the effects of homelessness on physical and mental health. Much of the time, cash can have a negative impact on both, particularly the. Now and again, in any case, cash may positively affect satisfactionRead MoreCan Money Buy Happiness?1110 Words   |  5 PagesCan Money buy Happiness? Money is people’s number one priority. It enables them to purchase food, clothing, and shelter. Money can buy anything with a price on it, but can it buy happiness? Happiness is not an item you can buy, it is something you can feel. Money cannot bring you happiness, only satisfaction. We learn growing up not everything in this world is free. Money can only give you a short term of happiness. When you buy everything you want, you do not have anything to look forwardRead MoreMoney Can Buy Happiness : Happiness1653 Words   |  7 PagesMoney Can Buy Happiness Happiness, has long been an estate that huge numbers of individuals endeavor to create a path, that seeks to find it. Extensive research, surprisingly enough, does not have definitive answers on the concept of what makes one happy. As a matter of fact; there are as many attempts to define happiness, as there are the many scholars, theologians, psychologist and philosophers, curious enough to research it. Many ¬Ã‚ ¬; are unsuccessful in comparison to the ready definition ofRead MoreMoney Can Buy Happiness1523 Words   |  7 PagesHappiness is a mental state of well-being characterized by positive emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy†. Notice that happiness is within the range of contentment to intense joy. Every single thing in the world which brings contentment or joy costs money and therefore, it is money which brings happiness. Nothing can be yours without money being spent either by the person experiencing this happiness, or by others spending money so that they can be happy. For example, even peopleRead MoreMoney Can Buy Happiness945 Words   |  4 PagesCan money buy you happiness? It is a classical debate, sparked by the left-wing communists and religious leaders who suggest that a person can live a full life without the pursuit of money, and instead one must look to a more spiritual existence above the material desires. It is perhaps conceivable in a century gone by where people grew all their food and believed in witches, that a human could forge a fulfilling existence without the need of money to satisfy our desires. However in today’s societyRead MoreCan Money Buy Happiness? Essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesThere is More Than One Path to Happiness (2D) Growing up in a family where both my parents came from poor immigrant backgrounds always made financial success a priority and when there was no need to be frugal, my parents did seem happier. But did money buy my parents’ happiness or did money lead to their happiness? Ed Diener and Robert Biswas-Diener attempt to answer that question in their excerpt â€Å"Can Money Buy Happiness,† where they claim that â€Å"[m]oney can be a help in attaining psychologicalRead MoreCan Money Buy Happiness?891 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Can money buy happiness?† has been a cliche question for centuries, and there have been numerous studies and debates on this topic. Yet, no one seems to have a definite answer. In the video Money and Happiness, Michael Norton states explicitly that money does bring people happiness if you spent it on other people rather than on yourself. Although his interesting and novel answer is contrary to people’s natural instinct, it makes me refl ect on my past experience of spending on others, and helps meRead MoreCan Money Buy Happiness?1646 Words   |  7 PagesCan Money Buy Happiness? Happiness is a positive emotion which all humans experience but which cannot be defined through a monetary value. Money is the symbol of greed and desire. It leads to overconsumption allowing for us the consumers to forcibly satisfy all of our desires in life instead of on spending our money on our needs and on the essential things in life that people need in order to survive and maintain a well-balanced lifestyle. Although some people may say that money can buy happinessRead MoreCan Money Buy Happiness?1085 Words   |  5 PagesCan Money Buy Happiness? In the article â€Å"Can Money Buy Happiness†, by Author C. Brook, Mack Metcalf was a man who lived a normal life just like everybody else. He was the winner of the $65 million powerball jackpot, and it changed his life forever. He quit his job and he later recounted .and he never worked again. His first impulse was to quit everything, after a life characterized by many problem , Metcalf had a whole plan on what to do with the money that he won, but his plan did not go

Tax Exemption free essay sample

According to source B, who strongly believes that churches should be tax exempt, it is apparent that if a church requires the same infrastructure as any other taxpaying enterprise, it should not be free from from paying taxes. All of which is demonstrated through the unbiased facts in Source A, the logical presentation of Source C, and the hardly opinionated Source G, which all include a sense of responsibility and equality. Although it is thought by many believers, such as in Source B, that churches should be tax exempt because of all the wonderful deeds that they do, such as care for the homeless, provide optimism for the hopeless and provide a quantity of social services for citizens, it is not all flowers and dandelions. Churches necessitate the same infrastructure and government services that other tax paying entities must use, such as roads, fire department, and police. If other people must pay taxes in order to have such services made available to them, churches should be required to follow the identical set of laws. We will write a custom essay sample on Tax Exemption or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Source A, the information it provides is from the IRS, and is very straightforward as well as not subjective. It explains how under section 501(c)(3) charitable organizations are eligible to receive tax exemption status and how they are able to go about doing so. As well it states that these section 501(c)(3) organizations are restricted on their lobbying and political activity they are able to participate in, this is something that is obviously not that enforced as laws seeing as these churches are in the news often and can say and do many things in order to try and influence peoples to either convert or get them to have faith in their belief system. In Source C, author Austin Cline presents the problem of which the churches that are in the United States own up to twenty five percent of the land. The land that is being used by these churches could be used by the government for schools, or banks or something that will help everyone, not only those who believe in a higher being. The exclusion they have from taxes must be made up in some other manner, be it from individuals or other tax paying corporations. In this tough time of recession, many families have had to cut back on costs and even go without things that are essential to their being, with that being said, the one thousand dollars that are being paid by each individual in order to make up for the exemption of church taxes, that money ould be put towards a familys expenses and needs. That money belongs to the people who earn it not some building that only some people attend in order to have some hope. Besides only having churches exempt from needed taxes, Source G also enlists the help of thirteen pastors to attempt to make the case that it is not only atheists and non-believers that think that churches should not be tax exempt. Not only does Peter Molnar provide reliable proof that this exemption is not just but he also says that some congress members may be violating tax laws by living in a boarding house, C Street Center that was affiliated with an evangelical Christian network called the Fellowship Foundation. Although Congress has oversight ability, it often ignores many religious institutions and its doings. 12 of these pastors believe that the matters at C Street Center should be investigated, and not only do these pastors and clergy members believe this, many citizens who have to pay for the difference of these tax exempt churches believe so too. With all of the rational explanations that have been provided in sources A, C, and G there is almost no reason to continue to provide additional arguments as to why religious institutions should not be tax exempt. A church or mosque, or any other institution requires the same infrastructure and cost as any other government building, they should not be able to be liberated of this dutiful task and law that everyone should abide by, especially considering that everyone is created equal and having religious institutions be excluded from these necessary taxes could very well be considered unconstitutional.